Environmental Health Criteria 13
İÇİNDEKİLERENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA FOR CARBON MONOXIDE1. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES 1.1 Summary 1.1.1 Properties and analytical methods 1.1.2 Sources of environmental pollution 1.1.3 Environmental levels 1.1.4 Effects on experimental animals 1.1.5 Effects on man 1.1.6 Evaluation of health risk 1.2 Recommendations for further studies 2.CHEMISTRY AND ANALYTICAL METHODS 2.1 Physical and chemical properties 2.2 Methods of measuring carbon monoxide in ambient air 2.3 Biological monitoring 3. SOURCES OF CARBON MONOXIDE IN THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Natural occurrence 3.2 Man-made sources 4. ENVIRONMENTAL DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSFORMATION 4.1 Atmospheric transport and diffusion 4.2 Environmental absorption and transformation 5. ENVIRONMENTAL LEVELS AND EXPOSURES 5.1 Ambient air concentrations and exposures 5.2 Indoor concentrations and exposure 5.3 Occupational exposure 5.4 Carboxyhaemoglobin levels in the general population 6.METABOLISM 6.1 Endogenous carbon monoxide production 6.2 Absorption 6.3 Reactions with body tissues and fluids 6.4 Excretion 7.EFFECTS ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS 7.1 Species differences 7.2 Cardiovascular system and blood 7.3 Central nervous system 7.4 Behavioural changes and work performance 7.5 Adaptation 7.6 Embryonal, fetal, neonatal, and teratogenic effects 7.7 Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity 7.8 Miscellaneous changes 7.9 Interactions 8.EFFECTS ON MAN 8.1 Healthy subjects 8.1.1 Behavioural changes 8.1.2 Work performance and exercise 8.1.3 Adaptation 8.1.4 Effects on the cardiovascular system and other effects 8.1.5 Carboxyhaemoglobin levels resulting from exposure to methanederived halogenated hydrocarbons 8.1.6 Levels and effects of carboxyhaemoglobin resulting from smoking 8.1.7 Interactions 8.2 High-risk groups 8.2.1 Individuals with cardiovascular and chronic obstructive lung disease 8.2.2 Anaemic individuals 8.2.3 Embryo, fetus, neonate, and infants 8.2.4 Individuals living at high altitudes 8.3Summary table 9.EVALUATION OF HEALTH RISKS 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Exposure 9.2.1 Assessment of exposure 9.2.2 Endogenous production 9.2.3 Outdoor environmental exposure 9.2.4 Indoor exposure 9.2.5 Exposures related to traffic 9.2.6 Occupational exposure 9.2.7 Tobacco smoking 9.2.8 Multiple exposures 9.3 Effects 9.3.1 Cardiovascular system 9.3.1.1Development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 9.3.1.2 Acute effects on existing heart illness 9.3.1.3 Acute effects on existing vascular disease 9.3.2 Nervous system 9.3.3 Work capacity 9.4 Recommended exposure limits 9.4.1 General population exposure 9.4.2 Working population exposure 9.4.3 Derived limits for carbon monoxide concentrations in air REFERENCES ANNEX 1 ANNEX 2  |
