Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health And Safety II
İÇİNDEKİLERPART V. PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS34. Psychosocial and Organizational Factors Steven L. Sauter, Lawrence R. Murphy, Joseph J. Hurrell and Lennart Levi, Chapter Editors Psychosocial and Organizational Factors...................................... Steven L. Sauter, Joseph J. Hurrell, Jr., Lawrence R. Murphy and Lennart Levi THEORIES OF JOB STRESS Psychosocial Factors, Stress and Health. .............................. Lennart Levi Demand/Control Model: A Social, Emotional, and Physiological Approach to Stress Risk and Active Behaviour Development ...................................... Robert Karasek Social Support: An Interactive Stress Model......................... Kristina Orth-Gomer FACTORS INTRINSIC TO THE JOB Person-Environment Fit. ............................................. Robert D. Caplan Workload................................................................ Marianne Frankenhaeuser Hours of Work ....................................................... Timothy H. Monk Environmental Design .............................................. Daniel Stokoh Ergonomic Factors .................................................. Michael J, Smith Autonomy and Control ............................................ Daniel Ganster Work Pacing ........................................................... Gavriel Salvendy Electronic Work Monitoring. .................................... Lawrence M. Schleifer Role Clarity and Role Overload. ............................... Steve M. Jex INTERPERSONAL FACTORS Sexual Harassment.................................................... Chaya S. Piotrkowski Workplace Violence.................................................. Julian Barling JOB SECURITY Job Future Ambiguity................................................ John M. Ivancevich Unemployment ......................................................... Amiran D, Vinokur MACRO-ORGANIZATIONAE FACTORS Total Quality Management .......................................... Dennis Tolsma Managerial Style.......................................................... Gary L. Cooper and Mike, Smith Organizational Structure .............................................. Lois E. Tetrick Organizational Climate and Culture..................................Denise M. Rousseau Performance Measures and Compensation..................... Richard L. Shell Staffing Issues ............................................... Marilyn K. GowingCAREER DEVELOPMENT Socialization .................................................... Debra L. Nelson and James Campbell Quick Career Stages................................................... Kari Lindstrom INDIVIDUAL FACTORS Type A/B Behaviour Pattern............................... C. David Jenkins Hardiness ......................................................... Suzanne C. Ouelletle Self-Esteem....................................................... John M. Schaubmeck Locus of Control .............................................. Lawrence R. Murphy and Joseph J. Hurrell, Jr. Coping Styles ................................................... Ronald J. Burke Social Support ................................................. D. Wayne Cornell Gender, Job Stress and Illness........................... Rosalind C. Harriett Ethnicity ........................................................... Gwendolyn Puryear Keila STRESS REACTIONS Selected Acute Physiological Outcomes ............. Andrew Steptoe and Tessa M. Pollard Behavioural Outcomes. ...................................... Arie Shirom Well-Being Outcomes. ....................................... Peter Wan Immunological Reactions .................................... Holger Ursin CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS Cardiovascular Diseases...................................... Tores Theorell and Jeffrey V Johnson Gastrointestinal Problems .................................... Jerry Suls Cancer ............................................................... Bernard H. Fox Musculoskeletal Disorders .................................. Soo-Yee Lira, Steven L. Sauter and Naomi G. Swanson Mental Illness....................................................... Carles Muntaner and William W. Eaton Burnout. .............................................................. Christina Maslach PREVENTION Summary of Generic Prevention and Control Strategies. ...... Cary L. Cooper and Sue Cartwright 35. Organizations and Health and Safety Gunnela Westlander, Chapter Editor Psychosocial Factors and Organizational Management........ Gunnela Westlander PART VI. GENERAL HAZARDS 36. Barometric Pressure, Increased T.J.R. Francis, Chapter Editor Working under Increased Barometric Pressure................ Eric Kindwall Decompression Disorder................................................. Dees F German 37. Barometric Pressure, Reduced Walter Dummer, Chapter Editor Ventilatory Acclimatization to High Altitude .................... John T. Reeves and John V. Weil Physiological Effects of Reduced Barometric Pressure..... Kenneth I. Berger and William K. Rom Health Considerations for Managing Work at High Altitudes......... John B. West Prevention of Occupational Hazards at High Altitudes. ................. Walter Dummer Precautionary note: Air sampling .................................................. Kenneth I. Berger and William M Rom38. Biological Hazards Zuheir lbrahim Fakhri, Chapter Editor Workplace Biohazards........................... Zuheir I. Fakhri Aquatic Animals .................................... D. Zannini Terrestrial Venomous Animals..................... J.A. Rioux and B.Juminer Clinical Features of Snakebite ................... David A. Warrell 39. Disasters, Natural and Technological Pier Alberto Bertazzi, Chapter Editor Disasters and Major Accidents. .................... Pier Alberto Bertazzi Disaster Preparedness........................... Peter J. Baxter Post-Disaster Activities ...................... Benedetto Terracini and Ursula Ackermann-Liebrich Weather-Related Problems.................... Jean French Avalanches: Hazards and Protective Measures...... Gustav Poinstingl Transportation of Hazardous Material: Chemical and Radioactive......Donald M. Campbell Radiation Accidents ............................ Pierre Verger and Denis Winter Occupational Health and Safety Measures in Agricultural Areas Contaminated by Radionuclides: The Chernobyl Experience . Yuri Kundiev, Leeonard Dobrovolsky and VI. Chernyuk Case Study: The Kader Toy Factory Fire............ Casey Cavanaugh Grant Impacts of Disasters: Lessons from a Medical Perspective ........ Jose Luis Zeballos . 40. Electricity Dominique Folliot, Chapter Editor Electricity-Physiological Effects................. Dominique Folliot Static Electricity.................................Claude Menguy Prevention and Standards .................. Renzo Comini 41. Fire Casey G. Grant, Chapter Editor Basic Concepts...................... Dougal Drysdale Sources of Fire Hazards............... Tamas Banky Fire Prevention Measures............. Peter F.Johnson Passive Fire Protection Measures.............Yngve Anderberg Active Fire Protection Measures................. Gary Taylor Organizing for Fire Protection.................... S. Dheri 42. Heat and Cold Jean-Jacques Vogt, Chapter Editor Physiological Responses to the Thermal Environment........ W.Larry Kenney Effects of Heat Stress and Work in the Heat................................ Bodil Nielsen Heat Disorders ...........................Tokuo Ogawa Prevention of Heat Stress................ Sarah A. Nunneky The Physical Basis of Work in Heat............ Jacques Malchaire Assessment of Heat Stress and Heat Stress Indices...... Kenneth C. Parsons Heat Exchange through Clothing............. WouteR A. Lotens Cold Environments and Cold Work. ......Ingoar Holmer, Per-Ola Granberg and Goran Dahlstrom Prevention of Cold Stress in Extreme Outdoor Conditions.....Jacques Bittel and Gustave Savourey Cold Indices and Standards............... Ingoar Holmer 43. Hours of Work Peter Knauth, Chapter Editor Hours of Work...................... Peter Knauth 44. Indoor Air Quality Xavier Guardino Sola, Chapter Editor Indoor Air Quality: Introduction. ................ Xavier Guardino Sold Nature and Sources of Indoor Chemical Contaminants ....... Derrick Crump Radon ..................................... Maria Jose Berenguer Tobacco Smoke ................Dietrich Hoffmann and Ernst L. Wynder Smoking Regulations................ Xavier Guardino Sold Measuring and Assessing Chemical Pollutants ....... M. Gratia Rosell Fands Biological Contamination ........................Brian FIannigan Regulations, Recommendations, Guidelines and Standards ....... Maria Jose Berenguer 45. Indoor Environmental Control Juan Guasch Farras, Chapter Editor Control of Indoor Environments: General Principles ............. A. Herndndez Calleja Indoor Air: Methods for Control and Cleaning ....... E. Addn Liebana and A. Hernandez Calleja Aims and Principles of General and Dilution Ventilation ............. Emilio Castejon Ventilation Criteria for Nonindustrial Buildings.................... A. Hernandez Calleja Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems................. F Ramos Perez andj. Guasch Farras Indoor Air: lonization ............... E. Addn Liebana and J. Guasch Farras 46. Lighting Juan Guasch Farras, Chapter Editor Types of Lamps and Lighting ..............Richard Forster Conditions Required for Visual Comfort....... Fernando Ramos Perez and Ana Hernandez Calleja General Lighting Conditions.............................. N. Alan Smith 47. Noise Alice H. Suter, Chapter Editor The Nature and Effects of Noise................... Alice H. Suter Noise Measurement and Exposure Evaluation........Eduard I. Denisov and German A. Suvorov Engineering Noise Control ................... Dennis P.Driscoll Hearing Conservation Programmes...............Larry H. Royster and Julia Doswell Royster Standards and Regulations ...................... Alice H. Suter 48. Radiation, Ionizing Robert N. Cherry, Jr., Chapter Editor Introduction.............................. Robert M Cherry, Jr. Radiation Biology and Biological Effects ................Arthur C. Upton Sources of lonizing Radiation ..................... Robert N. Cherry, Jr. Workplace Design for Radiation Safety............ Gordon M. Lodde Radiation Safety ............................... Robert M Cherry, Jr. Planning for and Management of Radiation Accidents........... Sydney W. Porter, Jr. 49. Radiation, Non-Ionizing Bengt Knave, Chapter Editor Electric and Magnetic Fields and Health Outcomes ....... Bengt Knave The Electromagnetic Spectrum: Basic Physical Characteristics....... Kjell Hansson Mild Ultraviolet Radiation............................ David H. Slimy Infrared Radiation .............................. R. Matthes Light and Infrared Radiation. ............... David H. Sliney Lasers ............................. David H. Sliney Radiofrequency Fields and Microwaves............ Kjell Hansson Mild VLF and ELF Electric and Magnetic Fields .........Michael H. Repacholi Static Electric and Magnetic Fields.................... Martino Grandolfo50. Vibration Michael J. Griffin, Chapter Editor Vibration...................................... Michael J. Griffin Whole-body Vibration .................Helmut Seidel and Michael J. Griffin Hand-transmitted Vibration. ............ Massimo Bovenzi Motion Sickness.............................. Alan J. Benson 51. Violence Leon J. Warshaw, Chapter Editor Violence in the Workplace ................. LeonJ. Warshaw 52. Visual Display Units Diane Berthelette, Chapter Editor Overview........................................... Diane Berthelette Characteristics of Visual Display Workstations....... Ahmet Çakir Ocular and Visual Problems ........................ Paule, Rey and Jean-Jacques Meyer Reproductive Hazards Experimental Data........... Ulf Bergqvist Reproductive Effects-Human Evidence............... Claire Infante-Rivard Musculoskeletal Disorders.............................. Gabriele Bammer Skin Problems........................................Mats Berg and Sture Liden Psychosocial Aspects of VDU Work........... Michael J. Smith and Pascal Garayon Ergonomic Aspects of Human-Computer Interaction............. Jean-Marc Robert Ergonomics Standards........................................Tom EM. Stewart PART VII. THE ENVIRONMENT 53. Environmental Health Hazards Annalee Yassi and Tord Kjellström, Chapter Editors Linkages between Environmental and Occupational Health .... Annalee Yassi and Tord Kjellstrom Food and agriculture..........................Friedrich.K. Kadferstein Industrial Pollution in Developing Countries...........Niu Shim Developing Countries and Pollution................Tee L. Guidotti Air Pollution...................... Isabelle Romieu Land Pollution........................ Tee L. Guidotti and Chen Weiping Water Pollution..................lvanildo Hespanhol and Richard Helmer Energy and Health ........................... L.D. Hamilton Urbanization..................... Edmundo Werna Global Climate Change and Ozone Depletion...............Jonathan A. Patz Species Extinction, Biodiversity Loss and Human Health ......Eric Chivian 54. Environmental Policy Larry R. Kohler, Chapter Editor Overview: Occupational Safety and Health and the Environment- Two Sides of the Same Coin................... Larry R. Kohler Environment and the World of Work: An Integrated Approach to Sustainable Development, Environment and the Working Environment........... Larry R. Kohler Law and Regulations .............Françoise Burhenne-Guilmin International Environmental Conventions............David Freestone Environmental Impact Assessments.................. Ron Bisset Life-Cycle Assessment (CradIe-To-Grave)................ Sven-Olof Ryding Risk Assessment and Communication.................. Adrian V. Gheorghe. and Hansjörg Seller Environmental Auditing--Definition and Methodology................ Robert GyleEnvironmental Management Strategies and Workers' Protection ....... Cecilia Brighi Environmental Pollution Control: Making Pollution Prevention a Corporate Priority ......................................Robert P Bringer and Tom Zosel 55. Environmental Pollution Control Jeny Spiegel and Lucien Y. Maystre, Chapter Editors Environmental Pollution Control and Prevention.......... Jerry Spiegel and Lucien Y. Maystre Air Pollution Management....................... Dietrich Schwela and Berenice Goelzerr Air Pollution: Modelling of Air Pollutant Dispersion......... Marion Wichmann-Febig Air Quality Monitoring.................... Hans-Ulrich Pfeffer and Peter Bruckmann Air Pollution Control....................... John Elias Water Pollution Control.................... Herbert C. Preul Dan Region Sewage Reclamation Project: A Case Study ............ Alexander Donagi Principles of Waste Management...............Lucien Y. Maystre Solid Waste Management and Recycling........Niels Jorn Hahn and Poul S. Lauridsen Case Study: Canadian Multimedia Pollution Control and Prevention on the Great Lakes...................... Thomas Tseng, Victor Shantora and lan R. Smith Cleaner Production Technologies ................. David Bennett PART VIlI. ACCIDENTS AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT 56. Accident Prevention Jorma Saari, Chapter Editor Introduction .......................... Jorma Saari Concepts of Accident Analysis ..................... Kirsten Jergensen Theory of Accident Causes............................Abdul Raouf Human Factors in Accident Modelling............Anne-Marie Feyer and Ann M. Williamson Accident Models: Risk Homeostasis .............Gerald J.S. Wilde Accident Modelling ............................. Andrew R. Hale Accident Sequence Models .................. Ragnar Andersson Accident Deviation Models...................Urban Kjellen MAIM: The Merseyside Accident Information Model........ Harry S. Shannon and John Davies Principles of Prevention: The Public Health Approach to Reducing Injuries in the Workplace ................................ Gordon S. Smith and Mark A. Veazie Theoretical Principles of Job Safety............ Ranald Skiba Principles of Prevention: Safety Information.......... Mark R. Lehto and James M. Miller Work-Related Accident Costs....................... Diego Andreoni 57. Audits, Inspections and Investigations Jorma Saari, Chapter Editor Safety Audits and Management Audits............. Johan Van de Kerckhove Hazard Analysis: The Accident Causation Model..... Jop Groeneweg Hardware Hazards. ..................................... Carsten D. Groenberg Hazard Analysis: Organizational Factors-MORT...... Urban Kjellen Workplace Inspection and Regulatory Enforcement............ Anthony Linehan Analysis and Reporting: Accident Investigation ........Michel Monteau Reporting and Compiling Accident Statistics..........Kirsten Jorgensen58. Safety Applications Kenneth Gereke and Charles T. Pope, Chapter Editors Systems Analysis................................Manh Trung Ho Hand and Portable Power Tool Safely..........US Department of Labor ...Occupational Safety and Health Administration; edited by henneth Gerecke Moving Parts of Machines .................. Tomas Backström and Marianne Db'iis Machine Safeguarding........................ US Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration; edited by Kenneth (ierecke Presence Detectors............................. Paul Schreiber Devices for Controlling, Isolating and Switching Energy .......... Rene 'Troxler Safety-Related Applications.................. Dietmar Reinert and Karlheinz- Meffert Software and Computers: Hybrid Automated Systems...... Waldemar Karuweski and Jozef Zurada Principles for the Design of Safe Control Systems ............ Gang Vondraek Safety Principles for CNC Machine Tools........ Tom. Relsch, Guido Schmitter and Albert Marty Safety Principles for lndustrial Robots............. Toni Retsch, Guido Schmitter and Albert Marty Electrical, Electronic and Programmable Electronic Safety-related Control Systems..... Ron Bell Technical Requirements for Safety-related Systems Based on Electrical. Electronic and Programmable Electronic Devices...................John Brazendale and. Ron Bell Rollover.............................................. Bengt Springfeldt Falls from Elevations..................... Jean Arteau Confmed Spaces..........................NeiI Mc Manus Principles of Prevention: Materials Handling and Internal Traffic........Kari Hakkinen 59. Safety Policy and Leadership Jorma Saari, Chapter Editor Safety Policy, Leadership and Culture.........................Dan Petersen Safety Culture and Management..................... Marcel Simard Organizational Climate and Safety ...................Nicole Dedobbeleer and François Be/and Participatory Workplace Improvement Process...................... Jorma Saari Methods of Safety Decision Making ................. Terje. Sten Risk Perception......................................... Bernhard Zimolong and Rüdiger Trimpop Risk Acceptance ....................................Rüdiger Trimpop and Bernhard Zinolong 60. Safety Programmes Jorma Saari, Chapter Editor Occupational Safety Research: An Ovenview ....... Herbert I. Linn and Alfred A. Amendola Government Servic.es................................. Anthony Linehan Safety Services: Consultants.......................... Dan Petersm Implementation of a Safety Programme............ Tom B. Leamon Successful Safety Programmes....................... Torn B. Leamon Safety Incentive Programmes....................... Gerald J.S, Wilde Safety Promotion........................................ Thomas W. Planek Case Study: Occupational Health and Safety Campaigns at the National Level in lndia .................................................... K.C. GuptaPsychosocial and Organizational Factors ......... Steven L Sauter, Joseph J. Hurrll Jr., Lawrence R. Murphy and Lennart Levi THEORIES OF JOB STRESS Psychosocial Factors, Stress and Health.......................Lenart Levi Demand/Control Model: A Social, Emotional, and Physiological Approach to Stress Risk and Active Behaviour Development ................................................ Robert Karasek Social Support: An Interactive Stress Model ..............................................Kristina Orth-Gomer FACTORS INTRINSIC TO THEJOB Person-Environment Fit............ Robert D. Caplan Workload............................... Marianne Frankenhaeuser Hours of Work....................... Timothy H. Monk Environmental Design ............... Daniel Stokols Ergonomic Factors ................. Michael J. Smith Autonomy and Control............. Daniel Ganster Work Pacing........................... Gavriel Salvendy Electronic Work Monitoring .......Lawrence M. Schleifer Role Clarity and Role Overload........ Steve M. Jex CAREER DEVELOPMENT Socialization .......... Debra L. Nelson and James Campbell Quick. 34.40 Career Stages ...........R'ari Lindström INTERPERSONAL FACTORS Sexual Harassment...............Chaya S. Piotrkowski Workplace Violence ........... Julian Barling JOB SECURITY Job Future Ambiguity ......... John M. lvancevich Unemployment................... Amiran D. Vinokur MACROORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS Total Quality Management........Dennis Tolsma Managerial Style ........... Cay L. Cooper and Mike Smith Organizational Structure ........ Lois E. Tetrick Organizational Climate and Culture.....Denise M. Rousseau Performance Measures and Compensation . Richard L. Shell Staffing Issues ............... Marilyn K. Gowing INDIVIDUAL FACTORS Type A/B Behaviour Pattern ........C. David Jenkins. Hardiness...................Suzanne C. Ouellctle. Self-Esteem.............. John M. Schaubroeck. Locus of Control . . . Lawrence R. Murphy and Joseph J. Hurrell.Jr Coping Styles ............. Ronald J. Burke. Social Support ............D. Wayne Corneil. Gender, Job Stress and Illness ..... Rosalind C. Barnett. Ethnicity ................ Gwendolyn Puryear Keita STRESS REACTIONS Selected Acute Physiological Outcomes ...............Andrew Steptoe and Tessa M. Pollard. Behavioural Outcomes ..........Arie Shirom. Well-Being Outcomes............. Peter Warr. Immunological Reactions .......Holger Ursin CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS Cardiovascular Diseases ..... Tores Theorell and Jeffrey V.Johnson. Gastrointestinal Problems ........... Jerry Suls. Cancer .............................. Bernard H. FOX Musculoskeletal Disorders ......... Soo-Yee Lirn, Steven L. Sauter and NaoMi G. Swanson. Mental Illness .........Carles Munlaner and William W Eaton. Burnout .................... Christina Maslach. PREVENTION Summary of Generic Prevention and Control Strategies ................ Cary L,. Cooper and Sue Cartwright NOTLARfourth edition |
