A Dynamic Method For Assessing Pedestrian Slip Resistance
İÇİNDEKİLERContentsOriginal publications Abstract Preface Glossary of terms Abbreviations Symbols 1. Introduction 1.1. Slipping and falling injuries 1.2. Risk factors for slips and falls 1.3. Need for the study 2. Theoretical framework 2.1 Biomechanics of critical gait phases 2.2. Tribophysics of slipping 2.2.1. Footwear-floor coupling 2.2.2. Footwear-ice coupling 2.2.3. Friction demands in walking 2.3. Perception of slipperiness 2.4. Control and adaptability of gait 2.5. Determination of slip resistance 2.5.1. Measurement principles 2.5.2. Current measurement techniques 2.5.3. Comparison of devices 2.6. The summarized concept of slip resistance 3. Scope and objectives 3.1. Main objective 3 2 Aims of the original studies 4.Development of a dynamic measurement method 4.1. Two modifications (Studies I and VI) 4.1.1. Footwear-floor and footwear-ice coupling 4.1.2. Operation and measurement parameters 4.2. Criteria for safe friction (Studies I, III and V) 4.2.1. The elaborated friction model 4.2.2. Requirements for slip resistance 4.3.Validation of the method (Study V) 4.3.1.General pnnciples 4.3.2. Validity 4.3.3.Objectivity and reliability5. Assessment of slip resistance: Case studies 5.1. Surface roughness of underfoot surfaces (Study II) 5.1.1. Aim 5.1.2. Materials and methods 5.1.3. Results 5.2. Wear of footwear solings (Study III) 5.2.1. Aims 5.2.2. Materials and methods 5.2.3. Results 5.3. Floor slipperiness and cleansability (Study IV) 5.3.1. Aim 5.3.2. Materials and methods 5.3.3. Results 5.4. Footwear slipperiness on icy surfaces (Study VI) 5.4.1.Aims 5.4.2. Materials and methods 5.4.3. Results 5.5. Discussion 5.6. Recommendations 5.6.1. Floor coverings 5.6.2. Footwear solings 6. General discussion 6.1 Factors affecting pedestrian safety 6.2. Relevance of friction measurements 6.3. Future research needs 7. Conclusions References Appendices (Studies I to VI) NOTLARPeople and Work Research Reports 2 |
