Financing of health services
İÇİNDEKİLERCONTENTS 1. Introduction 1.1 Relevance of financing to health policy . . 1.2 Authorization for WHO's study of financing 1.3 Preparatory work............ 1.4 Objectives of the Study Group...... 2. Problems in financing health services . . 2.1 The lack of funds...... . . 2.2 The distribution of health resources 2.3 Rising health costs....... 2.4 Lack of coordination...... 2.5 Inefficiencies in spending .... 3. Approaches to improved financing of health activities 3.1 Extending existing sources of finance...... 3.2 Developing new sources of revenue....... 3.3 The social security approach.......... 3.4 Local community efforts............ 3.5 Foreign assistance............... 3.6 Reduction in spending on services of lower priority 3.7 Increasing efficiency.............. 3.8 Other methods of financing........... 4. Definitions 4.1 Definition of health-related activities . 4.2 Sources of finance for health activities 4.3 Types of health activity financed . . 5. Methods of financial data collection 5.1 Ministry of health.................... 5.2 Other government departments or nationally financed agencies 5.3 Provincial or local governments ............. 5.4 Compulsory insurance.................. 5.5 Voluntary insurance .................. 5.6 Private employers.................... 5.7 Charity........................ 5.8 External cooperation.................. 5.9 Private households................... 5.10 Summary of methodological aspects............6. Country case studies of health sector financing 6.1 Historical background of earlier studies..... 6.2 Selected studies of developing countries..... 6.2.1 Bangladesh.............. 6.2.2 Botswana............... 6.2.3 Republic of Korea........... 6.2.4 Senegal ................ 6.2.5 Fourteen African countries and Madagascar 6.2.6 Latin American countries........ 6.2.7 Other studies............. 7. Conclusions............................ 8. Recommendations......................... Acknowledgements.......................... Annex 1. Expenditure on health in Bangladesh, 1976........... Annex 2. Financing of health services in Botswana ........... Annex 3. Financing of health care services in the Republic of Korea Annex 4. Health expenditure in Senegal and its financing......... Annex 5. Health sector financing in Latin America............ Annex 6. The role of social security financing in the provision of medical care  |
