Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
İÇİNDEKİLERCONTENTS - Supplement 2,19965 Abstract 6 Abbreviations 7 Introduction 7 Re vie w of the literature 7 Magnetic Fields 7 Definition 8 Power-line fields 8 Residential and occupational magnetic fields 9 Methods for exposure assessment 9 Residential studies 9 Distance 9 Wiring configuration codes 11 Calculated magnetic fields 11 Measured magnetic fields at home 11 Use of household electric appliances 11 Occupational studies 11 Job titles 12 Measured magnetic fields in the occupational setting 12 Suggested carcinogenic mechanisms 12 General epidemiology of leukemia 13 Classification 13 Descriptive epidemiology 13 Etiologic factors 13 Hereditary factors 14 Ionizing radiation 14 Chemicals 14 Cancer treatment 14 Smoking 14 Infectious agents 15 Residential magnetic fields and childhood cancer 15 Occupational magnetic fields and adult leukemia 18 Residential magnetic fields and adult leukemia 18 The Colorado study 19 The East Anglia study 19 The Washington study 20 The southeast England study 20 The northwest England and Yorkshire study 21 The Swedish study 21 Summary 21 Unresolved issues 21 Assessment of magnetic fields 21 Selection bias 22 Objectives of the present study 22 Material and methods 22 Sources of data 22 Central Population Register 22 Person data files 22 Register of buildings and individual premises 23 Power-line data 23 Finnish Cancer Registry 23 Population census of 1970 (Contents continues on page 56 of the supplement) Indexed or abstracted by Current Contents/Clinical Practice, Sciences Citation Index and other leading indexing/abstracting services (continued from back cover) 24 Data collection and classification 24 Data collection process 25 Measures of exposure to magnetic fields of power lines 25 Calculation of magnetic flux densities 26 Annual average magnetic field 26 Cumulative exposure 26 Other exposure measures 27 Hypothetical connections between the exposure measures and leukemogenesis 27 Classification of leukemia 27 Classification of covariates 27 Surrogate measure of occupational magnetic fields 28 Municipality status 28 Other covariates 28 Definition of the subjects and leukemia cases 29 Statistical methods 29 Cohort analyses 29 Grouped data sets 30 Standardized incidence ratio analyses 30 Incidence rate ratio analyses 31 Case-cohort analyses 31 Results 31 Descriptive epidemiology of leukemia 31 Incidence rates 32 Covariates as determinants of leukemia risk 32 Summary 32 Risk of total leukemia by magnetic field exposure 32 Distribution of the leukemia cases by exposure 34 Overall effect of exposure 35 Multiplicative model with best fit 35 Other models of risk 35 Dependence of dose-response on time 36 Induction time 37 Effect of exposure duration 37 Reversibility of the effect 37 Summary 37 Risk of chronic lymphatic leukemia 37 Overall effect of exposure 38 Dependence of dose-response on time 38 Induction time 38 Effect of exposure duration 39 Reversibility of the effect 39 Summary 40 Risk of other types of leukemia 40 Discussion 40 Material and methods 40 Material 40 Coverage of the study cohort 41 Completeness of leukemia registration in Finland 41 Exposure assessment 42 Presence of confounding 42 Power of the study 42 Results 44 Concluding remarks 44 Summary 45 Acknowledgments 46 References 50 Appendices  |
